Which species is commonly used as an indicator of surface water quality?

The mayfly is a commonly used indicator of surface water quality because it is highly sensitive to pollution and changes in its habitat. These aquatic insects thrive in clean, well-oxygenated water, making their presence a strong sign of good water quality. When mayflies are abundant in a water body, it indicates a healthy ecosystem with low levels of contamination. Conversely, if their population diminishes or disappears, it can suggest that the water has become polluted or that environmental conditions have deteriorated.

Mayflies also have a relatively short life cycle and are found in various aquatic environments, adding to their utility in monitoring water quality. Their sensitivity to factors such as pH, temperature, and the presence of toxins makes them particularly valuable for studies aimed at assessing the ecological health of rivers, streams, and lakes.

While other species such as dragonflies, caddisflies, and stoneflies are also important indicators of water quality, the mayfly is particularly recognized for its direct correlation with clean aquatic environments and is often used in ecological assessments and water quality monitoring programs.