How can wetlands positively impact surface water quality?

Wetlands play a crucial role in enhancing surface water quality primarily by acting as natural filters. They have the ability to absorb excess nutrients, sediments, and pollutants from the water that flows through them. This filtering capacity helps reduce the concentrations of harmful substances, such as nitrates and phosphates, that can lead to water quality degradation. Additionally, wetlands can stabilize the hydrology of an area by implementing flood control through their capacity to temporarily store and slowly release water during heavy rains, thereby protecting downstream water bodies from excessive runoff and potential flooding.

In this way, wetlands serve not only to improve the quality of surface water but also to maintain ecological balance and support wildlife habitats. Their function as buffers against pollution makes them essential in the context of water management and conservation practices.