Define turbidity in the context of surface water.

Turbidity refers to the measure of water clarity, specifically how clear or cloudy water appears due to the presence of suspended solids. These solids can include a variety of particles such as soil, algae, and organic matter. When water is turbid, it means that these suspended particles scatter light, making it difficult to see through the water. This can have significant implications for aquatic ecosystems, as higher turbidity levels can reduce sunlight penetration, affecting photosynthesis in underwater plants, and can also be an indicator of water quality issues.

Understanding turbidity is crucial because it not only impacts aesthetic aspects of water bodies but also influences the health of aquatic life and the safety of drinking water sources. Lower clarity often correlates with poorer water quality, nutrient loading, and potential contamination. Keeping turbidity levels low is essential for maintaining healthy aquatic environments and ensuring water is safe for recreational and drinking purposes.