Define “total suspended solids” (TSS) and its implications for water quality.

Total suspended solids (TSS) refers to the tiny particles, including organic and inorganic matter, that are suspended in water. These particles can include soil, algae, plankton, and industrial waste, and they play a critical role in determining water quality.

When TSS levels are elevated in a body of water, it can have significant implications for aquatic ecosystems. High levels of suspended solids can reduce light penetration, which impacts photosynthesis in aquatic plants. This reduction in light availability can lead to decreased oxygen levels in the water, affecting the survival of fish and other aquatic life.

Additionally, TSS can carry harmful pollutants, including heavy metals and pathogens, which can lead to further health risks for both the ecosystem and human populations depending on that water source. Increased TSS levels can also contribute to the turbidity of water, leading to sedimentation issues that can affect fish habitats and spawning grounds.

Therefore, understanding and monitoring total suspended solids is essential for maintaining the overall health and quality of water bodies, ensuring a safe ecosystem for aquatic life and potentially for human use as well.